What is child abuse?

Child abuse is a recent act or failure to act that results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse or exploitation, or imminent risk or serious harm involving a child. It is usually carried out by a parent or caregiver who is repsonsible for the child's welfare. (Department of Justice Canada, 2007).

"An abused child has approximately a 50% chance of being abused again, and has an increased risk of dying if the abuse is not caught and stopped after the first presentation. " (McDonald, 2007).

Understanding the root causes of abuse can help better determine the best methods of prevention and treatment. Thus, knowing the physical and behavioural indicators of each form of child abuse and undestanding the importance and seriousness of its outcomes are essential.

What should you do if a child discloses abuse?

1. Believe in the child

lack of belief will discourage the abused from disclosing

2. Listen openly and calmly

give the child your full attention

put the child first and put your feelings (anger, frustration or pain) aside

3. Reassure the child

be supportive

tell the child what has happened is not his/her fault

never make promises

4. Write down the facts

record all the facts the child has disclosed to you

avoid interpreting what the child has said; use the child's exact words

contact your local police or your local child welfare agency

Prevention

1. Support prevention programs

2. Attend parenting skills workshops or programs

3. Act when you see an mistreatment of a child

4. Talk to your children about their bodies. Explain to them what is apporopriate and

inappropriate touching and how to get help if they need it